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The male counterparts to the female glands
are the testes, which are located in the scrotal
sac, and the prostate, which lies at the base of
the bladder surrounding the urethra.
The chief testicular hormone is testosterone.
As estrogen works in the woman, so
testosterone works in the man, producing and
maintaining male characteristics like increased
muscle mass, facial and body hair, a deep voice,
and heavier bones. Testosterone also prompts
the development of sperm cells within the testes
and is central to male fertility.
The prostate gland among with the
bulbourethral are sponsible for the synthesis of glycoproteins (or mucous) and the
buffers and enzymes that make sperm motile and fertile. The excretion is slightly
alkaline which neutralizes the acidic excretions of the vas deferens. This neutralizing
step greatly increases the chances of fertilization.
Orchic tissue is derived from the testes. The testes has two major functions in the
male: first if the productionof sperm or reproductive cells and the second in the
production of hormones, mainly testosterone for the development of sexual organs
and other secondary sexual traits. Testosterone triggers a series of biochemical and
physicological changes in the body:
- The general increase of body protein synthesis. The chief areas where synthesis
is rapid is in the germinal
epithelium cells of the testes, the prostate, and the muscle and skeletal tissue.
- The body retains more protein and nitrogen on through the development to
puberty.
- The increased protein synthesis also applies to hair synthesis which increases in
the public areas, in the face and chest and under the arms.
- Change in physical structure, such as a deepening in the voice, baldness, a thickening of the bones, broadening of the skeletal frame, and increased metabolism.